Translation Requirements for the Canadian Apostille Process
Learn the translation requirements for Canada’s apostille process. Find out when you need certified translations, provincial rules, federal rules, notarization requirements, and how to avoid delays.
What is an Apostille in Canada?
Since 2024, Canada has been a member of the Hague Apostille Convention, simplifying the international legalization process. Instead of embassy or consular legalization, Canadian public documents now only need an apostille certificate from an authorized provincial or federal authority.
Designated authorities include:
- Global Affairs Canada (GAC) – for federal documents and those from provinces without their own issuing office.
- Provincial authorities in Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Quebec, which can issue apostilles for documents issued or notarized locally.
Documents destined for non-apostille countries will still require diplomatic legalization.
Do You Need a Translation for Apostille in Canada?
Documents in English or French
If your document is entirely in English or French, no translation is required for the apostille process.
Documents in Other Languages
If the document is partly or fully in a foreign language, some Canadian authorities require a certified translation into English or French.
You have two options:
- Bilingual Notary Public – Some provinces allow a notary public fluent in both languages to provide the translation certification, provided they include a declaration of fluency and accuracy.
- Certified Translator – The translation must be completed by a certified translator recognized by a provincial association (e.g., CTTIC, ATIO, STIBC).
Certified Translation for Apostille in Canada
A certified translation typically includes:
- Translator’s declaration of accuracy.
- Official seal or certification stamp.
- Signature of the translator.
- If applicable, an affidavit sworn before a notary.
This ensures the translation is legally valid and accepted by the apostille authority.
Notarization of Translations
In some cases, the translation must also be notarized. This applies for translations that will need apostille, or for legalization at certain diplomatic missions.
The notary does not verify the accuracy of the translation but confirms the translator’s declaration.
Provincial Apostille Translation Requirements
British Columbia
- Non-English/French documents must be translated by a BC certified translator or a BC notary on file.
- Translation and original must be notarized together by the same notary.
- Exceptions: diplomas in Latin.
Ontario
- Accepts Ontario certified translators or Ontario notary public translation.
- Ontario notary public translation must include notary declaration of fluency and accuracy.
Quebec
- Non-English/French documents must be translated by a Quebec certified translator.
- Translation and original must be apostilled together.
- Exceptions: diplomas in Latin.
Federal (Global Affairs Canada – GAC)
Requires a Canadian certified translator or a bilingual notary who provides a declaration of translation accuracy.
Why Apostille Translation Rules Matter
Failing to meet translation requirements can result in:
- Additional costs for retranslation and notarization.
- Delayed processing.
- Rejection of your apostille application.
Quick Reference: Canada Apostille Translation Guide
| Document Language | Translation Requirement | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| English or French only | No translation needed | Unless destination country requests otherwise |
| Other languages (e.g., Spanish, Arabic, Chinese) | Certified translation OR bilingual notary translation | Must include declaration of accuracy |
| British Columbia | Certified translator or BC notary | Notarize original + translation as one set |
| Ontario | Certified translator or Ontario notary | Must include notarized declaration |
| Quebec | Certified translator | Notarize original + translation as one set |
| Federal (GAC) | Certified translator or bilingual notary | Declaration required |
FAQs: Apostille Translation Requirements in Canada
1. Do I need a translation if my document is bilingual (English–French)?
No. Apostille authorities accept documents already in Canada’s two official languages.
2. Can I translate my own document for apostille purposes?
No. Self-translation is not accepted. You must use a certified translator or a notary fluent in both languages.
3. Does notarization replace certified translation?
Not necessarily. Notarization verifies the translator’s identity, not the translation’s accuracy, unless the notary is also fluent and declares accuracy.
4. How long does the apostille process take in Canada?
Processing times vary: provincial authorities are usually faster, while Global Affairs Canada may take several weeks.
Final Tips for Smooth Apostille Translation
Check the destination country’s rules—even with an apostille, they may have extra translation requirements.
Work only with certified translators recognized in Canada and the province in question.
Prepare early—apostille processing delays are common, especially through Global Affairs Canada.